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SAA Questions Semester 1 2020 HAP II

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Background information: Spike (S) glycoprotein (composed of S1 and S2 subunits M-protein Hemagglutinin esterase dimer (HE) E-protein major characteristics theses three viruses have in common?   RNA Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses(Chen et al, 2020).Coronaviruses possess a distinctive morphology, the name being derived from the outer “fringe”, or “corona” of embedded envelope proteins.In rare cases they are zoonotic, meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans. A new or novel strain of coronavirus (Covid-19) has infected thousands, since it caused the pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December

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LO 3 – Microbiology

Question 1

a. What were the conditions at the Wuhan City market that created a breeding ground for zoonotic disease caused by the Covid-19?

Wuhan is a big city in China, which resides more than 11 million people and it is a highly crowded area. As per the Chinese Authority, disease outbreak from this area was a matter of time as it included a few specific conditions with high vulnerability. Presence of a live-animal market in a high-density area was the biggest threat to disease outbreak, which incorporated a transportation hub with a high chance of spreading across the country. Wuhan is China’s Chicago due to its vast size and population. In spite of a vast land area, people’s life is cluster-like and congested within city limits (Bendix, 2020). Origin of the virus is within the wet market area of Wuhan, where locals gather for meat and other products. This market puts close contact with live animals such as Chicken, Pigs, donkeys, sheep, reptiles and fish, which is a suitable condition for a virus to move from an animal to human. As per previous records, most of the disease-causing factors originating from the animal body in 75% or more cases (ICT, 2018). SARS was initiating improvement grounds by closing down the animal market in China and other countries due to the threat to public health. Wuhan is a city port hub, which connects with Yangtze River and it ha

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