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I have three questions , each should be answered in a separate one A4 page 500 words each .guidelines : Each answer should be on a separate page, New Roman 12p. References can be in Times New Roman 10p. please make sure that each question is answered in precision .  question :  1.The communication between the gut and the brain is influenced by a variety of neural, immune, endocrine and humoral signals. A. Discuss how gut-derived peptides/hormones modulate neural circuits underlying energy homeostasis and cognitive function? B. What are the potential routes and mechanisms of gut microbes regulating the brain-gut axis? 2. Different types of external and internal stimuli can be sensed and perceived by distinct sensory systems in the body.A. How do sensory systems that are resp

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1. The communication between the guts and the brain is influenced by a variety of neural, immune, endocrine, and humeral signals.
2. How gut-derived peptides/hormones modulate neural circuits underlying energy homeostasis and cognitive function

The main types of dietary fibers which are essentially found in many fruits and vegetables is attracting more and more attention day by day as they provide numerous metabolic benefits to our body that results in moderating the weight of the body (Eikelenboom-Boskamp et al. 2019). The short-chain fatty acids (For E.g.: propionate and butyrate) which are produced through the process of fermentation occurring in the intestine region by the intestinal macrobiotic, was previously believed to be the main mediators of these beneficial aspects. In recent studies, the fatty acids, propionate, and butyrate were shown to activate the intestinal process of gluconeogenesis. Succinate, which is the precursor of propionate, found in the metabolism-related processes of bacteria, also exerts many kinds of signaling properties, which include the activation of the intestinal gluconeogenesis. The hormonal signals that the gut region of the body imposes to releases in blood in response to certain kinds of nutrient assimilations (Skidmore-Roth, 2019). 

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